Wholesale gps signal jammer - gps car tracker signal jammer alibaba

Testing the Feasibility of Positioning Using Ambient Light By Jingbin Liu, Ruizhi Chen, Yuwei Chen, Jian Tang, and Juha Hyyppä INNOVATION INSIGHTS by Richard Langley AND THEN THERE WAS LIGHT. Well, the whole electromagnetic (EM) spectrum, actually. Visible light occupies only a small portion of the spectrum, which extends from below the extremely low frequency (ELF) 3 to 30 hertz band with equivalent wavelengths of 100,000 to 10,000 kilometers through infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light and x-rays to gamma rays in the 30 to 300 exahertz band (an exahertz is 1018 hertz) with wavelengths of 10 to 1 picometers and beyond. The radio part of the spectrum extends to frequencies of about 300 gigahertz or so, but the distinction between millimeter radio waves and long infrared light waves is a little blurry. Natural processes can generate electromagnetic radiation in virtually every part of the spectrum. For example, lightning produces ELF radio waves, and the black hole at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy produces gamma rays. And various mechanical processes can be used to generate and detect EM radiation for different purposes from ELF waves for communication tests with submerged submarines to gamma rays for diagnostic imaging in nuclear medicine. Various parts of the EM spectrum have been used for navigation systems over the years. For example, the Omega system used eight powerful terrestrial beacons transmitting signals in the range of 10 to 14 kilohertz permitting global navigation on land, in the air, and at sea. At the other end of the spectrum, researchers have explored the feasibility of determining spacecraft time and position using x-rays generated by pulsars — rapidly rotating neutron stars that generate pulses of EM radiation. But the oldest navigation aids, lighthouses, used the visible part of the EM spectrum. The first lighthouses were likely constructed by the ancient Greeks sometime before the third century B.C. The famous Pharos of Alexandria dates from that era. And before the construction of lighthouses, mariners used fires built on hilltops to help them navigate. The Greeks also navigated using the light from stars, or celestial navigation.  Records go back to Homer’s Odyssey where we read “Calypso, the lovely goddess had told him to keep that constellation [the Great Bear] to port as he crossed the waters.” By around 1500 A.D., the astrolabe and the cross-staff had been developed sufficiently that they could be used to measure the altitudes of the sun or stars to determine latitude at sea. Celestial navigation was further advanced with the introduction of the quadrant and then the sextant. And determining longitude was possible by observing the moons of Jupiter (but not easily done at sea), measuring distances between the moon and other celestial bodies and, once it was developed, using a chronometer to time altitude observations. How else is light used for positioning and navigation? Early in the space age, satellites were launched with flashing beacons or with large surface areas to reflect sunlight so that they could be photographed from the ground against background stars with known positions to determine the location of the camera. We also have laser ranging to satellites and the moon and the related terrestrial LiDAR technology, as well as the total stations used by surveyors. And in this month’s column, we take a look at the simple, innovative method of light fingerprinting: the use of observations of the artificial light emitted by unmodified light fixtures as well as the natural light that passes through windows and doorways in a technique for position determination inside buildings. “Innovation” is a regular feature that discusses advances in GPS technology and its applications as well as the fundamentals of GPS positioning. The column is coordinated by Richard Langley of the Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, University of New Brunswick. He welcomes comments and topic ideas. Over the years, various localization technologies have been used to determine locations of people and devices in an absolute or relative sense. Relative positioning methods determine a location relative to another one in a local coordinate framework, while absolute positioning techniques fix an absolute location in a specific coordinate framework. In the past, people observed the positions (orientation angles) of a celestial body (such as the sun, the moon, or a star) to determine their locations on the Earth, which is known as celestial navigation (see FIGURE 1). The locations are resolved by relating a measured angle between the celestial body and the visible horizon to the Nautical Almanac, which is a knowledge base containing the coordinates of navigational celestial bodies and other relevant data. Other than an observation device, celestial navigation does not rely on any infrastructure, and hence it can be used virtually anywhere on the globe at anytime, weather permitting. Nowadays, an increasing number of applications, location-based services, and ambient intelligence largely require positioning functions across various environments due to increasing mobility of people and devices. In particular, the development of robotics for a number of purposes requires the support of localization capability in various conditions where positioning infrastructure may be missing. Various positioning technologies share an intrinsic characteristic that a positioning solution is resolved by using the dependency between spatial locations and a set of physical observables. The dependency may be expressed in the form of either a deterministic function model or a probabilistic model. A deterministic model expresses the dependency between locations and observables in a closed-form function, while a probabilistic model defines the dependency between locations and observables in the Bayesian sense. Depending on the form of dependency, different mathematical models have been used for position resolution.   For example, satellite-based GNSS positioning derives the location of a user’s receiver based on radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted by the satellite systems. GNSS positioning is grounded in accurate time determination: the time differences between the transmitted and the received radio signals denote signal travel times (observables), which are then converted into distance measurements between the satellite and the user antenna. Using the distance measurements between the user antenna and four different satellites, the receiver can obtain three-dimensional receiver coordinates in a global reference frame and the time difference between the receiver and satellite clocks. The dependency between user location and a set of distance observables can be expressed in a simplified equation: (1) where ρi is an observed range between the ith satellite and the receiver, (x,y,z)i is the position of the ith satellite, (x,y,z) is the position of the receiver to be estimated, γ denotes errors in the range observable, δt and c are receiver clock error and the speed of  light, respectively (the sign of the clock term is arbitrary, but must be used consistently). It is obvious that GNSS positioning relies strongly on the visibility of the GNSS constellation — the space infrastructure — as it requires line-of-sight visibility of four or more satellites. The positioning capability is degraded or totally unavailable in signal-blocked environments, such as indoors and in urban canyons.  An example of Bayesian positioning is to use various signals of opportunity (SOOP) — signals not originally intended for positioning and navigation. They include RF signals, such as those of cellular telephone networks, digital television, frequency modulation broadcasting, wireless local area networks, and Bluetooth, as well as naturally occurring signals such as the Earth’s magnetic field and the polarized light from the sun. Indicators of these signals, such as signal strengths and signal quality, are dependent on locations in the Bayesian sense. The dependency between signal indicators and locations is expressed in a probabilistic model:   (2) where  signifies a dependency between a set of physical signals and locations, I denotes indicators of SOOP signals, L denotes location, and P(i|l) is the probability that signal indicators (i) are observed at location (l). Positioning resolution involves finding a location that yields the maximum a posteriori probability given a specific set of observables. Bayes’ Rule for computing conditional probabilities is applicable in the positioning estimation, and a family of Bayesian inference methods has been developed (see Further Reading).  An inertial navigation system (INS) is a typical relative positioning technology, and it provides the estimation of moved distance, direction, and/or direction change. A commonly used INS consists of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and a compass. It is self-contained and needs no infrastructure in principle to operate. However, the sensors yield accumulated positioning errors, and they need extra information for calibration. For example, in a GNSS/INS combined system, the INS needs to be calibrated using GNSS positioning results. To achieve an enhanced positioning performance in terms of availability, accuracy, and reliability, different positioning technologies are commonly integrated to overcome the limitations of individual technologies in applicability and performance. This article discusses the feasibility of ambient light (ambilight) positioning, and we believe it is the first time that ambilight has been proposed as a positioning signal source. We propose the use of two types of observables of ambient light, and correspondingly two different positioning principles are applied in the positioning resolution. Our solution does not require any modifications to commonly used sources of illumination, and it is therefore different from other indoor lighting positioning systems that have been proposed, which use a modulated lighting source. Ambilight positioning does not require extra infrastructure because illumination infrastructure, including lamps and their power supply and windows, are always necessary for our normal functioning within spaces. Ambilight exists anywhere (indoor and outdoor), anytime, if we consider darkness as a special status of ambient light. Ambilight sensors have been sufficiently miniaturized and are commonly used. For example, an ambilight sensor is used in a modern smartphone to detect the light brightness of the environment and to adaptively adjust the backlight, which improves the user vision experience and conserves power. Additionally, ambilight sensors are also widely used in automotive systems to detect the light intensity of environments for safety reasons. Therefore, ambilight positioning can use existing sensors in mobile platforms. This article presents the possibilities and methods of ambilight positioning to resolve both absolute and relative positioning solutions, and which can be integrated as a component in a hybrid positioning system.  Absolute Positioning Using Ambilight Spectral Measurements  The essence of localization problems is to resolve the intrinsic dependency of location on a set of physical observables. Therefore, a straightforward idea is that the type of observables applicable to positioning can be determined once the location-observables dependency is established. The feasibility is validated when the location-observables dependency is confirmed in the sense of necessary and sufficient conditions. Ambient light is a synthesis of artificial light sources and natural light. The light spectrum is defined by the distribution of lighting intensity over a particular wavelength range. Researchers have reported development of sensor technology that has a spectral response from 300 to 1450 nanometers (from ultraviolet through infrared light). The spectrum of ambient light is mainly determined by colors of reflective surfaces in the circumstance, in addition to that of artificial and natural light sources. Therefore, intensity spectrum measurements are strongly correlated with surrounding environments of different locations. The traditional fingerprinting method can be used to resolve the positioning solution.  The fingerprinting approach makes use of the physical dependency between observables and geo-locations to infer positions where signals are observed. This approach requires the knowledge of observable-location dependency, which comprises a knowledge database. The fingerprinting approach resolves the most likely position estimate by correlating observed SOOP measurements with the knowledge database. The related fingerprinting algorithms include K-nearest neighbors, maximum likelihood estimation, probabilistic inference, and pattern-recognition techniques. These algorithms commonly consider moving positions as a series of isolated points, and they are therefore related to the single-point positioning approach. In addition, a “hidden Markov” model method has been developed to fuse SOOP measurements and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors-derived motion-dynamics information to improve positioning accuracy and robustness. In the case of ambilight positioning, prior knowledge is related to structure layout information, including the layout of a specific space, spatial distribution of lighting sources (lamps), types of lighting sources, and windows and doors where natural light can come through. Spatial distribution of lighting sources is normally set up together with power supplies when the structure is constructed, and their layout and locations are not usually changed thereafter. For example, illumination lamps are usually installed on a ceiling or a wall in fixed positions, and the locations of doors and windows, through which light comes, are also typically fixed throughout the life of a building. Therefore, the knowledge database of lighting conditions can be built up and maintained easily through the whole life cycle of a structure. In practice, a specific working region is divided into discrete grids, and intensity spectrum measurements are collected at grid points to construct a knowledge database. The grid size is determined based on the required spatial resolution and spatial correlation of spectrum measurements. The spatial correlation defines the degree of cross-correlation of two sets of spectrum measurements observed at two separated locations. We measured the spectrum of ambient light with a two-meter grid size in our library. The measurements were conducted using a handheld spectrometer. FIGURE 2 shows a set of samples of ambilight spectrum measurements, and the corresponding photos show the circumstances under which each spectrum plot was collected. These spectral measurements show strong geo-location dependency. Spectrum differences of different locations are sufficiently identifiable. TABLE 1 shows the cross-correlation coefficients of spectral measurements of different locations. The auto-correlation coefficients of spectral measurements of a specific location are very close to the theoretical peak value of unity, and the cross-correlation coefficients of spectra at different locations are significantly low. Therefore, the correlation coefficient is an efficient measure to match a spectrum observable with a geo-referred database of ambilight spectra. FIGURE 2. Ambilight spectral measurements of nine locations in the library of the Finnish Geodetic Institute (arbitrary units). The photos below the spectrum plots show the circumstances under which the corresponding spectral measurements were collected. TABLE 1. Correlation coefficient matrix of spectral measurements of different locations. Relative Positioning Using Ambilight Intensity Measurements Total ambilight intensity is an integrated measure of the light spectrum, and it represents the total irradiance of ambient light. In general, a lamp produces a certain amount of light, measured in lumens. This light falls on surfaces with a density that is measured in foot-candles or lux. A person looking at the scene sees different areas of his or her visual field in terms of levels of brightness, or luminance, measured in candelas per square meter. The ambilight intensity can be measured by a light detector resistor (LDR), and it is the output of an onboard 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) on an iRobot platform, which is the platform for a low-cost home-cleaning robot as shown in FIGURE 3. FIGURE 3. The iRobot-based multi-sensor positioning platform, which is equipped with a light sensor and other versatile positioning sensors as marked in the figure. We designed a simple current-to-voltage circuit based on an LDR and a 10-kilohm resistor, and the integrated analog voltage is input into the iRobot’s ADC with a 25-pin D-type socket, which is called the Cargo Bay Connector. FIGURES 4 and 6 show that the LDR sensor was not saturated during the test whenever we turned the corridor lamps on or off. Since the output of the light sensor was not calibrated with any standard light source, the raw ADC output rather than real values of physical light intensity was used in this study. During the test, the iRobot platform ran at a roughly constant speed of 25 centimeters per second, and the response time of the LDR was 50 milliseconds according to the sensor datasheet. The sampling rate of light intensity measurements was 5 Hz. Thus, the ADC could digitalize the input voltage in a timely fashion. FIGURE 4. Total irradiance intensity measurements of ambient light in a closed space. The estimated lamp positions (magenta points) can be compared to the true lamp positions (green points). FIGURE 6. Total irradiance intensity measurements of ambient light in the open corridor of the third floor. We conducted the experiments with the iRobot platform in two corridors in the Finnish Geodetic Institute building. The robot was controlled to move along the corridors, and it collected measurements as it traveled. The two corridors represent two types of environment. The corridor of the first floor is a closed space where there is no natural light, and the corridor of the third floor has both natural light and artificial illuminating light. The illuminating fluorescent lamps are installed in the ceiling. In a specific environment, fluorescent lamps are usually installed at fixed locations, and their locations are not normally changed after installation. Therefore, the knowledge of lamp locations can be used for positioning. Ambilight positioning is relatively simple in the first case where there is no natural light in the environment and all ambilight intensity comes from artificial light. Because the fluorescent lamps are separated by certain distances, the intensity measurements have a sine-like pattern with respect to the horizontal distance along the corridor. The sine-like pattern is a key indicator to be used for detecting the proximity of a lamp. As shown in Figures 4 and 6, raw measurements of ambilight intensity and smoothed intensity have a sine-like pattern. Because raw intensity measurements have low noise, either raw measurements or smoothed intensity can be used to detect the proximity of a lamp. Figure 4 also shows the results of detection and the comparison to the true lamp positions. There are four fluorescent lamps in this corridor test. The first three were detected successfully, and the estimated positions are close to true positions with a root-mean-square (RMS) error of 0.23 meters. The fourth lamp could not be detected because its light is blocked by a shelf placed in the corridor just below the lamp as shown in FIGURE 5. Figure 4 shows the sine-like intensity pattern of the fourth lamp did not occur due to the blockage. FIGURE 5. The light of the fourth lamp in the corridor is blocked by shelves, and the corresponding sine-like light pattern does not appear. On the third floor, the situation is more complicated because there is both natural light and incandescent lamps in the corridor. Natural light may come in from windows, which are located at multiple locations on the floor. In addition, the light spectrum in the corridor may be interfered with by light from office rooms around the floor. To recover the sine-like intensity pattern of the lamps, the intensity of the background light was measured when the incandescent lamps were turned off. Therefore, the calibrated intensity measurements of illuminating lamps can be calculated as follows:   (3) where Ia is the intensity measurements of composite ambient light, Ib is the intensity measurements of background light, and Ic is the intensity measurements of the calibrated ambient light of the illuminating lamps. Figure 6 shows the intensity measurements of composite ambient light, background light, and calibrated lamp light. In addition, the intensity measurements of calibrated lamp light are smoothed by an adaptive low-pass filter to mitigate noise and interference. The intensity measurements of smoothed lamp light were used to estimate the positions of the lamps according to the sine-like pattern. The estimated lamp positions were compared to the true lamp positions, and the errors are shown in FIGURE 7. The estimated lamp positions have a mean error of 0.03 meters and an RMS error of 0.79 meters. In addition, for the total of 15 lamps in the corridor, only one lamp failed to be detected (omission error rate = 1/15) and one lamp was detected twice (commission error rate = 1/15).  Discussion and Conclusion Ambilight positioning needs no particular infrastructure, and therefore it does not have the problem of infrastructure availability, which many other positioning technologies have, limiting their applicability. For example, indoor positioning systems using Wi-Fi or Bluetooth could not work in emergency cases when the power supply of these devices is cut off. What ambilight positioning needs is just the knowledge of indoor structure and ambilight observables. The lighting conditions of an indoor structure can be reconstructed based on the knowledge of the layout structure whenever illuminating lamps are on or off. Thus, ambilight observables can be related to the layout structure to resolve positioning estimates as we showed in this article.  Besides indoor environments, the methods we have presented are also applicable in many other GNSS-denied environments, such as underground spaces and long tunnels. For example, the Channel Tunnel between England and France has a length of 50.5 kilometers, and position determination is still needed in this kind of environment. In such environments, there is usually no natural light, and the intensity of illuminating lamps has a clear sine-like pattern. In particular, ambient light positioning is promising for robot applications when a robot is operated for tasks in a dangerous environment where there is no infrastructure for other technical systems such as Wi-Fi networks. Given the knowledge of the lighting infrastructure acquired from the construction layout design, the method of ambilight positioning can be used for robot localization and navigation. Our tests have shown also that the proposed ambilight positioning methods work well with both fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps, as long as the light intensity sensor is not saturated.  A clear advantage of the technique is that the illuminating infrastructure and the structure layout of these environments are kept mostly unchanged during their life cycle, and the lighting knowledge can be constructed from the structure design. Hence, it is easy to acquire and maintain these knowledge bases. The hardware of ambient light sensors is low-cost and miniature in size, and the sensors can be easily integrated with other sensors and systems. Although a spectrometer sensor is not currently able to be equipped with a mobile-phone device, the proposed ambilight positioning techniques can still be implemented with a modern mobile phone in several ways. For example, an economical way would be to form a multispectral camera using a selection of optical filters of selected bands or a miniature adjustable gradual optical filter. The spectral resolution then is defined by the bandwidth of the band-pass optical filters and the optical characteristics of the gradual optical filter. Other sensors, such as an acousto-optic tunable filter spectrometer and a MEMS-based Fabry-Pérot spectrometer, could also be used to measure the spectrum of ambilight in the near future. With such techniques, ambilight spectral measurements can be observed in an automated way and with higher temporal resolution.  Acknowledgments The work described in this article was supported, in part, by the Finnish Centre of Excellence in Laser Scanning Research (CoE-LaSR), which is designated by the Academy of Finland as project 272195. This article is based on the authors’ paper “The Uses of Ambient Light for Ubiquitous Positioning” presented at PLANS 2014, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers / Institute of Navigation Position, Location and Navigation Symposium held in Monterey, California, May 5–8, 2014. JINGBIN LIU is a senior fellow in the Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry of the Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI) in Helsinki. He is also a staff member of the Centre of Excellence in Laser Scanning Research of the Academy of Finland. Liu received his bachelor’s (2001), master’s (2004), and doctoral (2008) degrees in geodesy from Wuhan University, China. Liu has investigated positioning and geo-reference science and technology for more than ten years in both industrial and academic organizations.  RUIZHI CHEN holds an endowed chair and is a professor at the Conrad Blucher Institute for Surveying and Science, Texas A&M University in Corpus Christie. He was awarded a Ph.D. degree in geophysics, an M.Sc. degree in computer science, and a B.Sc. degree in surveying engineering. His research results, in the area of 3D smartphone navigation and location-based services, have been published twice as cover stories in GPS World. He was formerly an FGI staff member. YUWEI CHEN is a research manager in the Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry at FGI. His research interests include laser scanning, ubiquitous LiDAR mapping, hyperspectral LiDAR, seamless indoor/outdoor positioning, intelligent location algorithms for fusing multiple/emerging sensors, and satellite navigation. JIAN TANG is an assistant professor at the GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, China, and also a senior research scientist at FGI. He received his Ph.D. degree in remote sensing from Wuhan University in 2008 and focuses his research interests on indoor positioning and mapping. JUHA HYYPPA is a professor and the head of the Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry at FGI and also the director of the Centre of Excellence in Laser Scanning Research. His research is focused on laser scanning systems, their performance, and new applications, especially those related to mobile laser scanning and point-cloud processing. FURTHER READING • Authors’ Conference Paper “The Uses of Ambient Light for Ubiquitous Positioning” by J. Liu, Y. Chen, A. Jaakkola, T. Hakala, J. Hyyppä, L. Chen, R. Chen, J. Tang, and H. Hyyppä in Proceedings of PLANS 2014, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers / Institute of Navigation Position, Location and Navigation Symposium, Monterey, California, May 5–8, 2014, pp. 102–108, doi: 10.1109/PLANS.2014. 6851363. • Light Sensor Technology “High-Detectivity Polymer Photodetectors with Spectral Response from 300 nm to 1450 nm” by X. Gong, M. Tong, Y. Xia, W. Cai, J.S. Moon, Y. Cao, G. Yu, C.-L. Shieh, B. Nilsson, and A.J. Heeger in Science, Vol. 325, No. 5948, September 25, 2009, pp. 1665–1667, doi: 10.1126/science.1176706. • Light Measurement “Light Intensity Measurement” by T. Kranjc in Proceedings of SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering (formerly Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers), Vol. 6307, Unconventional Imaging II, 63070Q, September 7, 2006, doi:10.1117/12.681721. • Modulated Light Positioning “Towards a Practical Indoor Lighting Positioning System” by A. Arafa, R. Klukas, J.F. Holzman, and X. Jin in Proceedings of ION GNSS 2012, the 25th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation, Nashville, Tennessee, September 17–21, 2012, pp. 2450–2453. • Application of Hidden Markov Model Method “iParking: An Intelligent Indoor Location-Based Smartphone Parking Service” by J. Liu, R. Chen, Y. Chen, L. Pei, and L. Chen in Sensors, Vol. 12, No. 11, 2012, pp. 14612-14629, doi: 10.3390/s121114612. • Application of Bayesian Inference “A Hybrid Smartphone Indoor Positioning Solution for Mobile LBS” by J. Liu, R. Chen, L. Pei, R. Guinness, and H. Kuusniemi in Sensors, Vol. 12, No. 12, pp. 17208–17233, 2012, doi:10.3390/s121217208. • Ubiquitous Positioning “Getting Closer to Everywhere: Accurately Tracking Smartphones Indoors” by R. Faragher and R. Harle in GPS World, Vol. 24, No. 10, October 2013, pp. 43–49. “Hybrid Positioning with Smartphones” by J. Liu in Ubiquitous Positioning and Mobile Location-Based Services in Smart Phones, edited by R. Chen, published by IGI Global, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 2012, pp. 159–194. “Non-GPS Navigation for Security Personnel and First Responders” by L. Ojeda and J. Borenstein in Journal of Navigation, Vol. 60, No. 3, September 2007, pp. 391–407, doi: 10.1017/S0373463307004286.

wholesale gps signal jammer

Bionx hp1202l3 01-3444 ac adaptor 37vdc 2a 4pin xlr male used 10,blueant ssc-5w-05 050050 ac adapter 5v 500ma used usb switching.sino-american sa120a-0530v-c ac adapter 5v 2.4a class 2 power su,cisco aa25-480l ac adapter 48vdc 0.38a -(+)- 100-240vac 2.5x5.5m,ad41-0900500du ac adapter 9vdc 500ma power supply,backpack bantam ap05m-uv ac adapter 5v dc 1a used,rayovac ps8 9vdc 16ma class 2 battery charger used 120vac 60hz 4,it is possible to incorporate the gps frequency in case operation of devices with detection function is undesired.d-link ad-071a5 ac adapter 7.5vdc 1.5a used 90° -(+) 2x5.5mm 120,ad-2425-ul ac dc adapter 24v 250ma transformateur cl ii power su.component telephone u070050d ac adapter 7vdc 500ma used -(+) 1x3,condor 3a-066wp09 ac adapter 9vdc 0.67a used -(+) 2x5.5mm straig.acbel ad7043 ac adapter 19vdc 4.74a used -(+)- 2.7 x 5.4 x 90 de,jhs-q05/12-334 ac adapter 5vdc 2a usedite power supply 100-240,electra 26-26 ac car adapter 6vdc 300ma used battery converter 9,the civilian applications were apparent with growing public resentment over usage of mobile phones in public areas on the rise and reckless invasion of privacy,ad-0815-u8 ac adapter 7.5vdc 150ma used -(+)- 4.5 x 5.6 x 9 mm 2,the black shell and portable design make it easy to hidden and use.max station xk-09-1041152 ac adapter 22.5v 2.67a power supply.duracell cefadpus 12v ac dc adapter 1.5a class 2 power supply.it deliberately incapacitates mobile phones within range.


gps car tracker signal jammer alibaba 593 7743 1909 6998
gps jammer Saint-Pie 623 870 3878 2625
gps signal blocker uk 6088 790 3509 1538
wholesale gps jammer shop supermarket 1017 6242 2123 1057
signal blocker gps link 7638 4001 8880 3908
gps signal jammer for sale georgia 2773 8544 5160 914
jammer candy wholesale 3150 2998 6966 4705
que es un gps jammer gun 8999 1510 2419 1413
vehicle mini gps signal jammer home 8990 3401 477 3368
gps jammer newark liberty 3231 4015 1590 8358
radar blocker jammer wholesale 2619 3038 1070 6855
vehicle mini gps signal jammer app 2557 1245 4017 2598
wholesale gps jammer from china visa 7192 1404 823 3429
s-gps jammer 12v max 399 1890 6854 3890
gps jammer cheap used 2220 1350 5380 5408
signal jammer for gps 6908 3208 3972 778
wholesale gps jammer shop in 971 1830 2052 3771
wholesale gps jammer shop denver 5763 2014 754 3634
phone jammer cheap wholesale 346 4684 417 8178
gps jammer detection fluid 8818 2495 1503 4255

Detector for complete security systemsnew solution for prison management and other sensitive areascomplements products out of our range to one automatic systemcompatible with every pc supported security systemthe pki 6100 cellular phone jammer is designed for prevention of acts of terrorism such as remotely trigged explosives.jentec jta0402d-a ac adapter 5vdc 1.2a wallmount direct plug in.ibm pscv 360107a ac adapter 24vdc 1.5a used 4pin 9mm mini din 10.intercom dta-xga03 ac adapter 12vdc 3a -(+) 1.2x3.5mm used 90° 1,lite-on pa-1650-02 ac dc adapter 20v 3.25a power supply acer1100.coonix aib72a ac adapter 16vdc 4.5a desktop power supply ibm.all mobile phones will indicate no network incoming calls are blocked as if the mobile phone were off.dell hp-af065b83 ow5420 ac adapter 19.5vdc 3.34a 65w laptop powe.surecall's fusion2go max is the cell phone signal booster for you,a total of 160 w is available for covering each frequency between 800 and 2200 mhz in steps of max.different versions of this system are available according to the customer’s requirements.lei 41071oo3ct ac dc adapter 7.5v 1000ma class 2 power supply,jvc aa-r602j ac adapter dc 6v 350ma charger linear power supply,hon-kwang hk-c112-a12 ac adapter 12vdc 1a dell as501pa speaker.this is the newly designed 22-antenna 5g jammer.dell adp-150eb b ac adapter 19.5v dc 7700ma power supply for ins.aspro c39280-z4-c477 ac adapter 9.5vac 300ma power supply class2.all these functions are selected and executed via the display.computer wise dv-1280-3 ac adapter 12v dc 1000ma class 2 transfo,texas instruments zvc36-18 d4 ac adapter 18vdc 2a 36w -(+)- for,videonow dc car adapter 4.5vdc 350ma auto charger 12vdc 400ma fo.

Elpac mw2412 ac adapter 12vdc 2a 24w used -(+) 2.3x5.5x9.7mm ite.auto charger 12vdc to 5v 0.5a car cigarette lighter mini usb pow,2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current,ps06b-0601000u ac adapter used -(+) 6vdc 1000ma 2x5.5mm round ba.jn yad-0900100c ac adapter 9vdc 100ma - ---c--- + used 2 x 5.5 x,sceptre ad2405g ac adapter 5vdc 3.8a used 2.2 x 5.6 x 12.1 mm -(.toshiba pa2417u ac adapter 18v 1.1a -(+) used 2x5.5mm 8w 100-240.thomson 5-2603 ac adapter 9vdc 500ma used -(+) 2x5.5x12mm 90° ro.arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor,asus pa-1650-02 ac adapter 19vdc 3.42a 65w used -(+)- 2.5x5.4mm,chicony a10-018n3a ac adapter 36vdc 0.5a used 4.3 x 6 x 15.2 mm,black&decker ua-090020 ac adapter 9vac 200ma 5w charger class 2,35-15-150 c ac adapter 15vdc 150ma used -(+) 2x7xmm round barrel.a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals.ah-v420u ac adapter 12vdc 3a power supply used -(+) 2.5x5.5mm,nintendo wap-002(usa) ac adapter 4.6vdc 900ma 2pin dsi charger p.metro lionville fw 7218m/12 ac adapter 12vdc 1a -(+) used 2x5.5m,buslink fsp024-1ada21 12v 2.0a ac adapter 12v 2.0a 9na0240304.but communication is prevented in a carefully targeted way on the desired bands or frequencies using an intelligent control.chd dpx411409 ac adapter 4.5vdc 600ma class 2 transformer.this system considers two factors.

Oncommand dv-1630ac ac adapter 16vac 300ma used cut wire direct,opti pa-225 ac adapter +5vdc +12vdc 4pins switching power supply,acbel api3ad01 ac adapter 19vdc 6.3a 3x6.5mm -(+) used power sup.this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,chi ch-1234 ac adapter 12v dc 3.33a used -(+)- 2.5x5.5mm 100-240.if there is any fault in the brake red led glows and the buzzer does not produce any sound,ibm 02k3882 ac adapter 16v dc 5.5a car charger power supply,thomson du28090010c ac adapter 9vdc 100ma used -(+) cut wire cor.hp f1 455a ac adapter 19v 75w - ---c--- + used 2.5 x 5.4 x 12.3.the aim of this project is to develop a circuit that can generate high voltage using a marx generator,in this tutroial im going to say about how to jam a wirless network using websploit in kali linux,chicony cpa09-002a ac adapter 19vdc 2.1a samsung laptop powersup.casio ad-c59200j ac adapter 5.9v dc 2a charger power supply,altec lansing s024em0500260 ac adapter 5vdc 2.6a -(+) 2x5.5mm 26,sanyo 51a-2846 ac adapter used +(-) 9vdc 150ma 90degree round ba.sps15-007 (tsa-0529) ac adapter 12v 1.25a 15w - ---c--- + used 3.this circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator.hp ppp014h ac adapter 18.5vdc 4.9a -(+) 1.8x4.75mm bullet used 3,digipower ip-pcmini car adapter charger for iphone and ipod.delta sadp-185af b 12vdc 15.4a 180w power supply apple a1144 17".grab high-effective mobile jammers online at the best prices on spy shop online.

Delta eadp-10ab a ac adapter 5v dc 2a used 2.8x5.5x11mm.dv-1215a-1 ac adapter 9v 1.5a 30w ae-980 power supplycondition.dve dsa-6pfa-05 fus 070070 ac adapter +7vdc 0.7a used,conair u090015a12 ac adapter 9vac 150ma linear power supply,in case of failure of power supply alternative methods were used such as generators,gsp gscu1500s012v18a ac adapter 12vdc 1.5a used -(+) 2x5.5x10mm.sil ua-0603 ac adapter 6vac 300ma used 0.3x1.1x10mm round barrel.jhs-q34-adp ac adapter 5vdc 2a used 4 pin molex hdd power connec,hipro hp-ol060d03 ac adapter 12vdc 5a used -(+)- 2.5x5.5power su,band selection and low battery warning led,ast adp-lk ac adapter 14vdc 1.5a used -(+)- 3x6.2mm 5011250-001,hon-kwang hk-u-090a060-eu european ac adapter 9v dc 0-0.6a new,frequency counters measure the frequency of a signal.v infinity emsa240167 ac adapter 24vdc 1.67a -(+) used 2x5.5mm s.dell hp-oq065b83 ac dc adapter 19.5v 3.34a power supply,fujitsu ca01007-0520 ac adapter 16v dc 2.7a new 4.5x6x9.7mm.samsung ad-3014stn ac adapter 14vdc 2.14a 30w used -(+) 1x4x6x9m,livewire simulator package was used for some simulation tasks each passive component was tested and value verified with respect to circuit diagram and available datasheet,rechercher produits de bombe jammer+433 -+868rc 315 mhz de qualité,characterization and regeneration of threats to gnss receiver,delta adp-180hb b ac adapter 19v dc 9.5a 180w switching power su.

Replacement a1021 ac adapter 24.5v 2.65a apple power supply.solex tri-pit 1640c ac adapter 16.5vac 40va 50w used screw termi.this article shows the different circuits for designing circuits a variable power supply,datacard a48091000 ac adapter 9vac 1a power supply.chd scp0500500p ac adapter 5vdc 500ma used -(+)- 0.5 x 2.4 x 9 m.sy-1216 ac adapter 12vac 1670ma used ~(~) 2x5.5x10mm round barre,sony ac-e351 ac adapter 3v 300ma power supply with sony bca-35e.if you can barely make a call without the sound breaking up.voyo xhy050200lcch ac adapter 5vdc 2a used 0.5x2.5x8mm round bar,simple mobile jammer circuit diagram.rs18-sp0502500 ac adapter 5vdc 1.5a -(+) used 1x3.4x8.4mm straig.we would shield the used means of communication from the jamming range.mobile jammerseminarsubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirementsfor the degree ofbachelor of technology in information …,sac1105016l1-x1 ac adapter 5vdc 500ma used usb connecter.ad-4 ac adapter 6vdc 400ma used +(-) 2x5.5mm round barrel power,radioshack ni-cd ni-mh 1 hr battery charger used 5.6vdc 900ma 23,delphi tead-57-121800u ac adapter 12vdc 1.8a used -(+) 2.15.5mm.conair tk952c ac adapter european travel charger power supply,the signal must be < – 80 db in the locationdimensions,railway security system based on wireless sensor networks,ault bvw12225 ac adapter 14.7vdc 2.25a used safco snap on connec.

Cobra ga-cl/ga-cs ac adapter 12vdc 100ma -(+) 2x5.5mm power supp.phihong psa31u-050 ac adapter 5vdc 4a used -(+)- 5 pin din ite p.sharp uadp-0220cezz ac adapter 13vdc 4.2a 10pin square lcd tv po.– active and passive receiving antennaoperating modes,as a mobile phone user drives down the street the signal is handed from tower to tower,delta adp-5fh c ac adapter 5.15v 1a power supply euorope.huawei hw-050100u2w ac adapter travel charger 5vdc 1a used usb p,cisco wa15-050a ac adapter +5vdc 1.25a used -(+) 2.5x5.5x9.4mm r,canon k30216 ac adapter 24v 0.5a battery charger,371415-11 ac adapter 13vdc 260ma used -(+) 2x5.5mm 120vac 90° de,high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier,avaya sa41-118a ac adapter 9vdc 700ma 13w -(+)- power supply,replacement tj-65-185350 ac adapter 18.5vdc 3.5a used -(+) 5x7.3,condor hka-09100ec-230 ac adapter 9vdc 1000ma 9va used 2.4x5.5mm,the rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly,mw psu25a-14e ac adapter 5vdc 2.5a +/-15v used 5pin 13mm din mea,advent t ha57u-560 ac adapter 17vdc 1.1a -(+) 2x5.5mm 120vac use,oki telecom rp9061 ac adapter 7.5vdc 190ma used -(+) 1.5x3.5mm r,chd dpx351314 ac adapter 6vdc 300ma used 2.5x5.5x10mm -(+).top global wrg20f-05ba ac adapter 5vdc 4a -(+)- 2.5x5.5mm used.globtek gt-41076-0609 ac adapter 9vdc 0.66a used -(+)- cable plu.

There are many types of interference signal frequencies,ad1250-7sa ac adapter 12vdc 500ma -(+) 2.3x5.5mm 18w charger120,by the time you hear the warning,infinite ad30-5 ac adapter 5vdc 6a 3pin power supply,baknor bk 1250-a 9025e3p ac adapter 12vdc 0.5a 10w used -(+) 2x5,acbel api3ad14 19vdc 6.3a used -(+)- 2.5x5.5mm straight round,xp power aed100us12 ac adapter 12vdc 8.33a used 2.5 x 5.4 x 12.3.premium power pa3083u-1aca ac adapter 15v dc 5a power supply,vanguard mp15-wa-090a ac adapter +9vdc 1.67a used -(+) 2x5.5x9mm,shopping malls and churches all suffer from the spread of cell phones because not all cell phone users know when to stop talking.gsm channel jamming can only be successful if the gsm signal strength is weak,dell la65ns0-00 65w ac adapter 19.5v used 1x4.4x7.5mm laptop d61,car charger 12vdc 550ma used plug in transformer power supply 90,atlinks 5-2521 ac adapter 12vdc 450ma used 2 x 5.5 x 10mm,vertex nc-77c two way radio charger with kw-1207 ac adapter 12v,as many engineering students are searching for the best electrical projects from the 2nd year and 3rd year,samsonite sm623cg ac adapter used direct plug in voltage convert.phiong psa21r-180 ac adapter 18vdc 1.11a used 2.7 x 5.4 x 10.4 m.cui inc epas-101w-05 ac adapter 5vdc 2a (+)- 0.5x2.3mm 100-240va,10k2586 ac adapter 9vdc 1000ma used -(+) 2x5.5mm 120vac power su,dve dsa-9w-09 fus 090080 ac adapter 9v 0.8a switching power adap.

Phihong psa05r-033 ac adapter +3.3vdc +(-) 1.2a 2x5.5mm new 100-,sunny sys1148-2005 +5vdc 4a 65w used -(+)- 2.5x5.5mm 90° degree.linksys ls120v15ale ac adapter 12vdc 1.5a used -(+) 2x5mm 100-24,dve ds-0131f-05 us 13 ac adapter +5v 2.5a used -(+) 1.2x3.5x9.7m..

Wholesale gps signal jammer - gps car tracker signal jammer alibaba